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It all could have been so simple...
The airframe log simply states: "09/25/80 Tach Time: 1463.1 Patched small
puncture on leading edge of right wing."
Chapter 20 of the AA-5 maintenance manual, section 20-1-0 page 801 and
figure 801 lays out clear instructions for leading edge repairs. A
.040in 2024-T3 doubler and a flush filler patch made of the same material as
the adjacent wing skin, all held together with countersunk rivets.
What we found on 14L's right leading edge was an excellent example of what
doesn't conform to any aspect of this repair procedure.
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With no idea of what I would find when I pulled the "scab," I began grinding
out the the universal-head Cherry Max rivets using my favorite round rotary
file chucked up in a mini-diegrider. |
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What a mess! The repair appeared to be backed with some sort of
epoxy; bare aluminum on the original still-painter substrate. The rivet layout neither conforms to AC 43-13 1B nor chapter 20 of the AA-5 maintenance
manual. Aw heck, none of this really conforms to anything. Time
to get over that and be glad that the filiform corrosion wasn't more
pervasive than that which would be cut away in the process of resolving this
"repair."
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First step of clearing away the original damage and opening up the skin so
that I can get better tool access. |
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Not a surprise, the skin material thickness is exactly what the manual said
it was supposed to be. Always nice to verify, though. |
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It all could have been so simple... The original damage was actually in a
pretty easy to repair location. After clearing away the damaged skin
there would have been ample space to install the flat doubler and a flush
patch. The whole thing could have been fastened up with blind rivets
and done in a snap. Instead, the outboard row of rivets (reflected in
the inspection mirror) nicked the adjacent win rib flange... ugh!
Now I'll have to create a .040in doubler that both conforms to the contour
of the leading edge and incorporates a .025in joggle so that it can
step up onto the rib flange and then extend over the rib flange far enough
to provide nominal rivet edge distance on the rib flange itself.
In short, the original repair caused more problems than it solved in every
way.
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After locating the wing rib flange with a depth gauge, the line was
transferred to the outside in masking tape and the dimensions of the patch
were built off of that line. The corners were cut with a Rotobroach
cutter. and then straight runs were made with a fiber cutoff wheel on a
Dremel tool. |
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A template was made to transfer the doubler dimension into a flat plane and
the doubler plank was sheared from .040in 2024-T3 Alclad. |
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Stage two, the doubler blank after the getting the joggle treatment. |
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Off to the slip roll. The joggle was "flanked" with .250in shims to
both preserve and "true-up" the .250in joggle as the leading edge contour
was formed into doubler. |
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Joggled and rolled to shape, here's the doubler ready to get its center
cutout. |
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Fitting up the doubler with spring clamps. |
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With the doubler in Clecos, it was a simple matter to trace out the flush
patch template in cardstock. |
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Doubler drilled and countersunk and flush patch drilled and dimpled.
Then, both parts took a bath in etch and Alodine. |
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Doubler chromated and permanently installed with hand-squeezed AN426-4 AD
rivets. |
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Flush patch in Clecos, getting its final fit just before riveting. |
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Flush patch permanently installed using self-plugging Cherry Max countersunk
rivets. |
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Filled, faired, etched, Alodined, and ready for primer and paint |
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Same stage, but from a little "higher" angle angle - note that the wing has
been "upside down" through out this process.
The wing repair finished, Darryl and I have hauled it to his shop for fuel
tank resealing work. |
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